GABA Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid

GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid) has a lot of potential for improving the health of pets because it is naturally occurring and is one of the few amino acids that do not fall into the protein category as most amino acids do. GABA can be found in high amounts in mulberry leaf extracts. The amino acid is known to provide pets with multiple ways to support their neurology, improve immunity and increase metabolism via the various bioactivities of GABA.


GABA is considered to be an inhibitory neurotransmitter in mammals' central nervous systems (CNS) and is present in the most concentrated amounts of any other plant from which we can obtain natural GABA. By binding to the GABA receptor sites in the pet's CNS, it suppresses or inhibits the unsuitable neurological excitation or firing of one or more of the nerves, allowing for calming, tranquillizing and anxiety relieving effects.


Today, many animals are subjected to different forms of environmental stressors that cause behavioural changes, such as not wanting to eat when they are relocated or placed into boarding facilities, hiding or trembling during thunderstorms, or experiencing social issues while being housed together with multiple other pets. The ability of GABA to suppress the activities of the noradrenergic neurons located in the locus coeruleus, and block the conduction of stress responses at the source, is a main mechanism by which GABA produces its calming effects. Additionally, GABA increases the duration of slow-wave sleep by enhancing the chloride influx mediated by the GABAA receptors and also increases deep slow-wave sleep or deep sleep, which is essential for maintaining emotional stability and the cognitive health of pets.




What the research says.
GABA Modulates Cardiovascular Function in Dogs by Inhibiting Central Sympathetic Outflow and Reducing Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
The cardiovascular system is influenced by GABA-GABA receptors within the central nervous system (CNS). In studies utilizing canine models, intravascularly (iv), and systemically delivered GABA decreased blood pressure, reduced vasomotor neuron excitability, and decreased HR (heart) rate. Based on these studies and others, it appears that GABA enhances vascular tone and reduces excitability of the autonomic nervous system via suppression of the CNS sympathetic nervous system, and, therefore, regulates the cardiovascular system and supports autonomic balance. This research and clinical evidence provide justification for the use of GABA in developing dietary supplements that enhance stress reduction, anxiety control, relaxation, and reduced HR for use in dogs/cats.

Glial GABA Uptake as a Key Regulator of Extracellular GABA Levels and Inhibitory Tone in the Nervous System
Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) has effects in the nervous system due to the ways in which it is regulated by glial cells that transport GABA. Research has shown that blocking glial transport will raise extracellular concentrations of GABA, which will subsequently increase the amount of inhibition that GABA has on neurons. It has been demonstrated that glia restrict the strength of GABAergic actions by regulating the level of GABA present in the environment, and that this regulation through transport is essential for the maintenance of the excitation/inhibition relationship of neurons and for the modulation of transmission of neural signals.

Oral GABA Modulates the Gut-Brain Axis via Intestinal Exosomes to Regulate Hippocampal Gene Expression and Support Cognitive Health
The major component (GABA) of the neurochemistry of the gut has the ability to mediate the connection between the brain and the gut (the gut-brain axis) through the regulation of exosomes, which originate in the gut and then activate the nervous system to alter the expression of genes which regulate neurological function. Research indicates that by taking GABA orally, there may be enhancement of brain function due to the ability to alter the gene expression of memory in the hippocampus, suggesting a biological basis for using GABA to help pets manage stress, cognitive performance and neurological health.

GABA's Neuroregulatory Role via Postsynaptic GABA Receptors: Regional Distribution and Implications for Anxiety, Sleep, and Behavior
The primary mechanism whereby gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) exerts its neuromodulatory effects is through the binding of GABA to GABA receptors located on the postsynaptic membranes of the neurons that make up the central nervous system. Thus, when GABA binds to a receptor located on a postsynaptic membrane, it activates the signal transduction pathway that results in the inhibition of synaptic activity. Research indicates that there is considerable variability in the localization of GABA receptors among various brain regions, and the specific distributions of GABA receptors provide further insight into the roles of GABA in regulating anxiety, stabilizing neurons, supporting sleep, and modulating behavior.

GABAergic Inhibition and Cerebral Blood Flow: The Link Between GABA Levels, Neural Excitability, and Brain Metabolic Demand
The brain uses GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) as its main inhibitory neurotransmitter. There is evidence to suggest that there is an inverse relationship between the level of GABA and the amount of cerebral blood flow being delivered to various parts of the brain; therefore, it is likely that with levels of activity going up in certain areas of the brain through increased neuron excitability, the amount of blood flow would also increase due to increased metabolic demand placed on those brain cells. The purpose of this research was to provide further evidence of the relationship between the neural inhibitory actions of GABA and the regulation of cerebral blood flow, as well as to provide a biological basis for using GABA as a means of regulating stress, stabilizing neurons, and promoting cognitive health.